似刺鳊鮈肌肉营养成分与品质的评价

Evaluation of Fish Quality and Analysis of the Nutritive Compositions of Paracanthobrama Guichenoti Bleeker

利用常规方法对似刺鳊鮈(Paracanthobrama guichenotiBleeker)进行了含肉率、可食率、肌肉弹性、肌肉营养成分测定并系统评价了鱼肉品质,旨在评价似刺鳊鮈的营养价值,为似刺鳊鮈的营养生理、养殖和加工研究提供基础资料。结果显示,似刺鳊鮈雄鱼的含肉率为(72.76±0.89)%,雌鱼为(68.99±0.76)%;雄鱼可食率为(78.36±0.93)%,雌鱼为(83.75±1.01)%;肌肉弹性值为(547.86±21.48)g;鲜样中粗蛋白含量为(18.10±0.17)%,粗脂肪含量为(2.32±0.13)%,水分(78.10±0.87)%,灰分(1.07±0.12)%;肌肉含有17种氨基酸,总量占鲜样的(14.91±0.31)%,其中7种人体必需氨基酸(除色氨酸外)含量占鲜样的(6.07±0.07)%,与非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA)为68.67%,其必需氨基酸构成比例基本符合FAO/WHO的标准。必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)为73.46,支链氨基酸与芳香族氨基酸的比值(F值)为2.21,4种鲜味氨基酸占鲜样的5.73%;脂肪酸中EPA与DHA质量分数分别为2.94%,1.26%;微量元素含量丰富,钙镁含量较高;鱼肉品质系统评价结果表明,似刺鳊鮈是一种营养价值较高且有一定保健作用的鱼类。

The dressing percentage, edible rate, muscle elastic hardness and shearing force, and nutritional composition in the muscle of Paracanthobrama guichenoti Bleeker were tested and analyzed to evaluate the flesh quality with routine methods. This study aimed at offering basic data and a theoretical basis for nutritional physiology, breeding and processing. Samples were collected from Taihiu Lake in May, 2006. The ratio of flesh to body was（72.76 ±0.89） % in male fish and（68.99 ± 0.76） % in female ones. The edible rates were （78.36 ±0.93）% for the males and （83.75 ± 1.01）% for the females. The muscle elastic hardness was （547.86 ± 21.48）g. The contents of crude protein, crude fat, moisture and ash of fresh muscles were （18.10 ± 0.17） %, （2.32 ± 0.13） %, （78.10 ±0.87） % and （1.07 ± 0.12） %, respectively. P. guichenoti contained 17 common amino acids which accounted for （14.91 ± 0.31） % of the fresh wet muscle. In addition to the common amino acids, this fish also comprised 7 human essential amino acids （6.07 ± 0.07 % ） in fresh wet muscle with the exception of tryptophane. The ratio of essential amino acids to unessential amino acids （EAA/ UEAA） was 68.67 %, which basically accorded with the issued standard value by FAO （Food and Agriculture Organization） of the United Nations and WHO （World Health Organization）. Moreover, the essential amino acid index （EAAI） was calculated and resulted in 73.46. The ratio of branched chain amino acid to aromatic amino acid was 2.21 in fresh wet muscle. The percentage of 4 taste amino acids （Glu, Asp, Gly, Ala） was 5.73 % in fresh wet muscle, The rates of EPA（Eicosapentaenoic Acid） and DHA （Docosahexaenoic Acid） in fresh wet muscle were 2.94 % and 1.26 % respectively. There were a number of mineral elements as well as calcium and magnesium in this species. According to the results of systemic evaluation, P. guichenoti is a quality fish with high nutritional value and is good for health.