甘蔗转基因研究进展

Research Progress on Transgenic Sugarcane

甘蔗转基因研究涉及的基因和转基因方法均较多,文章着重从转入BT、GNA和蛋白酶抑制剂基因以提高甘蔗抗虫性;转入病毒外壳蛋白基因和解毒基因提高甘蔗抗病性:转入bar和pat基因来抗以Basta和Buster为主要有效成份的除草剂;转入海藻糖合酶基因以提高甘蔗植株的抗旱性等几方面的转基因研究概述了甘蔗转基因抗性研究进展。转入可溶性酸性转化酶反向cDNA和抑制多酚氧化酶活性等的基因以抑制甘蔗植株中酸性转化酶活性及多酚氧化酶活性,期望以此来提高甘蔗植株中蔗糖含量和改良蔗糖色泽的转基因研究,转入PFP-β基因以期增加甘蔗植株中蔗糖积累的转基因研究:转入编码不同蛋白的基因以期应用甘蔗作为生物反应器生产药用蛋白等的转基因研究等几个方面概述了甘蔗转基因研究进展,并对甘蔗转基因研究中存在的问题及前景提出了展望。

There would be more targeted genes and transgenic approaches involved in sugarcane transgenic research. In this paper, we＇d attempt to give a briefly review focused on enhancing the resistance to stresses and improving the characters of sugarcane via transgenic approaches. We summarized that the introductions of Bt gene, GNA gene and protease inhibitor gene into sugarcane could add the insect-resistant traits, and introductions of the virus coat protein gene and the detoxification gene could improve sugarcane disease-resistant abilities. Also we mentioned that the bar and pat genes introduced into sugarcane might be effective to increase herbicide-resistance that actively function on herbcides, Basta and Buster, and the trehalose synthase gene into sugarcane might increase the performance of drought-resistance and drought-tolerant. We also reviewed that the reverse eDNA for acid soluble converting enzyme and the gene encoding polyphenol oxidase （PPO） introduced into sugarcane, which could depress the activities of the acid soluble converting enzyme and polyphenol oxidase to increase sucrose content and modify the color of cane sugar. There was a little bit introductions for the PFP-β gene introduced into sugarcane, which might enhance much more sucrose accumulation in sugarcane plant. Finally, we discussed the possibilities that using transgenic sugarcane as bioreactors could produce medicinal protein by introducing the targeted genes, and proposed the solutions to the problems existing in the field of transgenic sugarcane research.