内燃机排气中醛、酮污染物的测定

SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF ALDEHYDE AND KETONE POLLUTANTS FROM INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH HPLC

采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)技术,在流动相为乙腈/水的梯度淋洗条件下,对内燃机排气中醛、酮污染物同时进行分离测定.结果表明,吸附管的采样效率>95%,平行样相对标准偏差<10%,回收率为87.5%—115.0%;利用二级管阵列检测器在醛、酮衍生物各自最大吸收波长检测13种醛、酮类衍生物.醛、酮最低检出限为0.6—2.7μg·l-1,线性范围2.1—13333μg·l-1.

A method combining 2,4-dinitrohenylhydrazine（DNPH） cartridge sampling and HPLC analysis has been used for the simultaneous measurement of 13 kinds of aldehyde and ketone emissions from a diesel engine. The reaction of carbonyl with DNPH allowed for the determination of carbonyl concentrations in exhaust sample. The reactant, corresponding hydrazone derivatives, were eluted by acetonitrile and analysis by HPLC with PDA detector at a gradient program. The experimental results showed that the total derivatives were favorably separated and the sampling efficiency was more than 95% , the relatively standard deviation was less than 10% with detection limites between 0. 6μg·l^-1 and 2. 7μg·l^-1. Meanwhile, the recoveries ranged from 87. 5% to 115.0%, and the linearity range was 2. 1-13333μg·l^-1. As a whole, this method can quantitatively analyse 13 kinds of aldehyde and ketone emissions from the internal combustion engine.