美国社会性管制变化趋势的分析与借鉴

Analysis and reference on the change tendency of Social Regulation in America

20世纪70年代以后美国出现了强化社会性管制的趋势,伴随着社会性管制的强化,社会性管制带来的高成本和低效率引起了人们广泛的质疑。为改善社会性管制的质量,提高社会性管制的效率,美国对社会性管制进行了改革。一是把成本-收益分析方法引入管制过程,通过成本-收益分析管制管制者;二是改革传统的命令控制型的管制方式,开始重视市场激励的作用。

America appeared the trend of strengthening social regulation since 1970s. Along with the social regulation strengthening, the high cost and inefficiency which social regulation brought has caused people＇s widely question, America has carried on social regulation reform to improve the quality and efficiency of social regulation. First, introduced cost-income analysis method to the regulatory process and through this method controlling supervision organizations second, reformed traditional command and control regulatory way, paid attention to the role of market incentive.