地膜覆盖对棉花苗期至蕾期的生理特征影响研究

Physiological Research on Film-mulched Cotton from Seedling Stage to Bud Stage

[目的]研究地膜覆盖棉花苗期至蕾期的生理。[方法]以露地栽培为对照,对地膜覆盖棉田的土壤结构、苗期至蕾期棉花叶绿素和脯氨酸的含量进行了研究。[结果]地膜覆盖棉田的土壤容重较对照小,土壤孔隙度、气相率及液相率较对照大。地膜覆盖苗期至蕾期棉花叶绿素含量高于对照,脯氨酸含量低于对照。地膜覆盖棉花叶绿素a含量为4.09 mg/L,叶绿素b含量为2.59 mg/L,叶绿素a/b值为1.57。[结论]地膜覆盖改善了棉田的土壤结构,增加了土壤中可给态养分,棉花受干旱胁迫的危害较小,有利于棉花顺利地完成生理生化过程。

[Objective] The aim of the research was to study the physiology of film-mulched cotton from seedling stage to bud stage.[Method] Taking open cultivation as control,the soil structure of film-mulched cotton field,the contents of chlorophyll and proline in cotton from seedling stage to bud stage were studied.[Result] The soil bulk density in film-mulched cotton field was smaller than that of CK,while the soil porosity,the gasphase rate and the liquid-phase rate were greater than that of CK.The content of chlorophyll in film-mulched cotton from seedling stage to bud stage was higher than that of CK,while the content of praline was lower than that of CK.The content of chlorophyll a in film-mulched cotton was 4.09 mg/L,the content of chlorophyll b was 2.59 mg/L and the ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b was 1.57.[Conclusion] Film mulching improved the soil structure of cotton field,increased the absorbable nutrients in soil and cotton was less damaged by drought stress,which was favorable for completing the biochemical and physiological process of cotton smoothly.