试析日本古代国家官僚制度中的官人出身法

The Bureaucratic System and Official Selection in Ancient Japan

古代日本官人的出身资格大体分为五位以上的官人的子孙的荫子孙,六、七、八位的官人之子的位子和除此之外的白丁三种。荫位制是五位以上的有位贵族子孙的主要出身之路。古代日本的学校与官吏出身制度的联系不是很密切,大学的功能与其说是培养任用官吏的机构,不如说是在培养专家的同时,以使五位以上贵族的子孙广泛了解经学为目的的一种经学传播机构。

The ruling class in ancient Japan was divided into thirty strata according the different family background. Descendants of the first five strata could have the official positions hereditarily and the advanced learning institutes at that time were a center for the noble descendants to learn classics rather a place for officials＇training and selections.