葡甘露聚糖对饲喂黄曲霉毒素B1日粮的肉仔鸡肝生化指标和组织的影响

Effects of Glucomannan on Liver Biochemical Indices and Hepatic Pathological Observation of Broilers Fed with Dietary Containing Aflatoxin B_1

本文通过对肉仔鸡肝脏生化指标的测定及组织结构的观察,旨在研究葡甘露聚糖对黄曲霉毒素B1(AFB1)的吸附效果。选用8日龄、180只体重相近的肉仔鸡随机分成3组,分别为基础日粮组、基础日粮+0.1mg/kgAFB1组和基础日粮+0.1mg/kgAFB1+0.1%葡甘露聚糖组,试验期21d。试验结果表明:(1)基础日粮中加入0.1mg/kgAFB1,导致肝脏组织中琥珀酸脱氢酶活性和胆碱酯酶活性显著降低(P<0.05);碱性磷酸酶活性显著升高(P<0.05);γ-L-谷氨酰转肽酶活性升高,第21、28日龄时达到显著差异(P<0.05);抗氧化指标谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、超氧化物歧化酶活性降低,脂质过氧化产物丙二醛含量升高,且均在第21、28日龄时达到显著差异(P<0.05);肝脏组织切片观察到肝细胞广泛性坏死,胆管异常增生;(2)0.1mg/kgAFB1日粮中加入0.1%的葡甘露聚糖,上述指标均与对照组无显著差异(P>0.05),组织切片未见上述病理现象。结果显示,葡甘露聚糖减轻或基本消除了黄曲霉毒素对肝脏的损伤。

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of glucomannan on liver biochemical indices and hepatic pathological observation of broilers which were fed diets containing aflatoxin B1 . One hundred and eighty 8-day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into 3 groups： basal diet group, basal diet ＋ 0.1 mg/kg aflatoxin B1 group, basal diet ＋ 0.1 mg/kg aflatoxin B1 ＋ 0.1% glucomannan group. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed that （1） added with 0.1 mg/kg aflatoxin B1, the activities of succinate dehydrogenase and cholinesterase were significantly decreased （P〈0.05） ; the activities of alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase were significantly increased （P〈0.05）. There was a significant decrease in the activities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide, and significant increase in the content of malondialdehyde on 21 d and 28 d （P〈0.05）. There was generalized necrosis of liver and abnormal proliferation of bile duct found through liver tissue sections; （2） 0.1 mg/kg aflatoxin B1 added with 0.1% glucomannan improved related parameters to normal levels and the liver tissue sections were not found pathological changes. It suggested that glucomannan could avoid or alleviate liver of broiler chicken from the damage of aflatoxin B1.