去除血型抗体制备O型红细胞的研究

Preparation of group O red blood cells by removing ABO antibodies

目的建立去除血浆中血型抗体的O型红细胞的制备工艺,为临床提供安全的O型红细胞制剂。方法使用处理后的冰冻干燥A型、B型红细胞膜,分别加入O型红细胞血浆中吸附血浆血型抗体物质,并检测吸附后红细胞的结构和功能。结果使用海藻糖冻干保存红细胞膜可保存其抗原性,吸附后,可去除血浆中抗A、抗B抗体80%—99%,同时红细胞变形指数、ATP、渗透脆性、上清游离Hb含量与吸附前(正常红细胞)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),均在正常参考范围;流式结果显示,吸附后采用离心方法,红细胞膜去除率可达到77%。结论用冰冻干燥红细胞膜去除ABO血型抗体为O型红细胞的他型输注奠定了基础。

Objective To develop a procedure for preparation of group O red blood cell （ RBC ） suspension by removing anti-A and anti-B in the plasma, and to provide safe group O RBC suspension for clinical use. Methods Lyophilized RBC membrane of group A and B red cells were used to remove the anti-A and anti-B antibodies in the plasma of group O RBCs, and its effects on RBC were observed subsequently. Results The anfigenicity of RBC membrane can be well retained by trehalose when RBC membrane was lyophilized. The anti- and anti-B antibodies in the plasma were removed by 80%-99%. The quality indexes of RBCs, such as morphology, deformability, ATP contents, osmotic fragility, and the free Hb in the supernatant, were within normal range, and showed no significant difference when compared with those of normal RBCs （P 〉 0.05 ）. Flow cytometry data showed that after centrifuge, the clearance rate of added lyophilized red cell membrane was 77%. Conclusion The transfusion of antibody-removed group O RBCs to non-group O patients still needs further research.