辽代理农使职考略

The Textual Research on the Officials of Taken Charge of Agriculture in Liao Dynasty

辽制仿唐,设有各类使职官,其中管理农耕事务的使职,既有专业理农的"劝农使"、"屯田使"和"营田使"等,也有兼理农事的"节度使"、"安抚使"、"统军使"、"观察使"等。专业的理农使职均非单独授之于人,而是由他职如"节度使"、"知某州军州事"等兼任之,且于《辽史·百官志》等正史文献中不载,仅见于辽代石刻资料中。有辽一代农业经济发展迅速,其中原因之一,即与辽代各类理农使职官们在劝农课桑、组织屯田及营田活动方面的精心和敬业有较大关系。

Imitated the system of Tang Dynasty distantly in Liao Dynasty, there are all kinds of the officials taken charge of the farming affairs. Among them has encouraging agriculture officials, farming officials and opening up wasteland officials, etc.who manage the agriculture specially, also has military commissioner, consoling officials, military governor, observation officials, etc. who hold a concurrent job. Professional agriculture officials are not conferred by the individual＇s people, but by military commissioner and knowing the military state in a state matter, etc. who hold the posts concurrently, which is not recorded in the history literature such as the annals of hundred officials in the history of Liao Dynasty, merely found in the data of stone engraving. There is a large relationship between one of all reasons why the agricultural economy has developed rapidly since the establishment of the Liao Dynasty and the meticulousness and dedication displayed by all kinds of officials taken charge of agriculture who are engaged in the activities of encouraging agricultural class mulberry, organizing the troops or peasants to open up the wasteland and camping field.