宋代牲畜价格考

The Textual Research of Livestock Price in Song Dynasty

北宋时期的牛价,经历了从2贯到10贯的清晰上升轨迹;南宋时期牛价大幅度上涨,一般价格在每头100贯左右,比北宋末期增长10倍。马的价格高于牛,但差价因马匹质量不同而悬殊,最低者7贯,高者100余贯。一匹驴子的价格约在10余贯到数十贯之间。南宋初的骡子约值100贯左右。西北游牧地区羊价十分低贱,大约是每只500文;在内地约值三四贯。1头猪约值1贯到数贯。普通的狗价钱大约在数百文到2贯数百文之间,特殊品种的狗价钱高些。公鸡在南宋大约价值300文,善斗的公鸡价钱1贯。一枚鸭蛋价值10文钱。

The price of cattle in Northern Song Dynasty experienced a clear track which is from 2 guan （贯） to 10 guan,and its price soars dramatically in Southern Song Dynasty, the general price is about 100 guan which increases 10 times compared to the last phrase of Northern Song Dynasty.The price of horse is higher than cattles＇,it differs widely according to horse＇s quality, which range from 7 guan to 100 guan. Price of a donkey is between 10 guan and several dozens. The price of mule is about 100 guan in early stage of Southern Song Dynasty. The sheep is really a bargin in Northwest nomadism area, which is about 500 wen （文）,but it values 3-4guan in inland. A pig values 1 to several guan. The general price of a dog is approximately between several hundred wen to 2 guan and several hundred wen, the special species of dog may be a little bit higher. Rooster approximately values 300 wen, the well fighting rooster values 1 guan.A duck egg values 10 wen.