大气数值模式中城市效应参数化方案研究进展

Advanced in Research of Urban Effect Parameterization Scheme on Models of Atmosphere

介绍了对城市效应影响大气运动的物理过程,以及在不同尺度大气模式中如何合理考虑这些物理过程,对进一步发展完善城市效应参数化方案中亟待解决的问题及困难作了论述,并着重强调了不同城市冠层参数化方案的优缺点。结论认为,随着城市的扩张,城市效应对大气运动的影响是数值模拟研究中一个不可或缺的物理过程,城市冠层模式的引入可以有效地提高数值模拟效果。对于不同尺度的数值模拟研究工作,应该采取不同的城市效应影响方案。目前,由于冠层模式中涉及的物理过程十分复杂,冠层模式还有待进一步完善,此外冠层方案的验证工作,尤其是应用城市地表能量平衡观测资料进行的验证工作还应该进一步深入开展。

Recent developments in the physical mechanism of urban effect on atmospheric movement, how to consider these process in the models of different scale, and the difficulty to further develop the parameterization scheme of urban effect have been presented and classified, and the advantages and weaknesses of each approach have been highlighted. However, there is need to validate further the different urban models available. In particular it is necessary to compare model output with urban surface energy balance measurements. An inter-comparison exercise involving these urban schemes is suggested as an efficient way to assess and improve these models.