不同亚型注意缺陷多动障碍儿童Stroop效应研究

Study on Stroop task of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in different subtypes

【目的】探讨Stroop效应在不同亚型注意缺陷多动障碍（attention deficit hyperactivity disorder，ADHD）儿童及对照组儿童的脑反应特征及其差异。【方法】采用1：1病例对照研究，对6～12岁102例ADHD儿童[注意缺陷型（PI）59例，多动／冲动型（HI）20例，混合型（CT）23例]和102例正常对照组儿童进行Stroop效应测试。【结果】①ADHD儿童Stroop效应指标中A、B、C卡片耗时显著高于对照组，B、C卡片正确数显著低于对照组（P〈0．05或〈0．01）；②PI型、CT型ADHD儿童Stroop效应中A、B、C卡片耗时显著高于对照组，B、C卡片正确数显著低于对照组，且PI型、CT型ADHD儿童在B、C卡片耗时显著高于HI型ADHD儿童（P〈0．05或〈0．01）。【结论】不同亚型ADHD儿童存在明显的信息加工、处理能力不足，执行功能损害，而且各亚型之间的损害程度有所不同。

[Objective] To find out response characters and differences of Stroop task among three different subtypes attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） and the age-matched normal controls. [Methods] 102 drug-naive ADHD subjects [ Predominantly inattentive type （PI） ： 59 cases, Predominantly hyperactive/impulsive type（HI） ： 20 cases, Combined type（CT） ：23 cases] aged 6 to 12 years were included in this study）. All cases of ADHD were diagnosed accord- ing to DSM-IV criteria. The Stroop Task was tested for all children. [Results] ①Compared to the normal control group, the ADHD group showed significantly different in the time of reading card A, B, C and reading errors of card B, C（P〈 0.05 or 〈0.01 ）. ②Compared to every group, PI type and CT type were more in the time of reading card A, B, C and were less in the errors of reading card B, C than the normal control group. And PI type and CT type were more in the time of reading card B, C than HI type（P〈0. 05 or 〈0. 01）. [Conclusions] Children with ADHD have significantly information processing deficiency and executive function impairment, and there are different impairment characters among three different subtypes ADHD.