安徽省某贫困县女童艾滋病知识、态度、行为及需求评价

HIV/AIDS knowledge,attitude,behavior and health education requirement among female students in one poor county of Anhui province

【目的】了解贫困县女童对艾滋病知识、态度、行为及健康教育需求情况,为在贫困地区开展女童艾滋病相关知识的健康教育提供依据。【方法】以班级为单位整群抽取安徽省某贫困县6所中学的初中和高中的女童,共1492名学生,进行统一的问卷调查。【结果】该地区女童对艾滋病基本知识的知晓率较低(7.64%～73.26%),在艾滋病非感染途径的认识上初、高中总体正确率都很低;对于艾滋病感染途径的认识上初、高中总体正确率较高,高中生正确率高于初中生(P<0.05)。84.50%的学校尚未开展过艾滋病知识的健康教育,86.93%的女童认为有必要在学校开展艾滋病健康教育,希望通过电视(57.10%)、书刊报纸(16.76%)获得艾滋病知识;更愿意让医生(65.95%)和老师(17.09%)为她们讲解艾滋病知识,同时希望在较低年级就可以接受到健康教育。【结论】贫困地区女童艾滋病知识知晓率低,健康教育措施尚未系统开展,加强该群体艾滋病健康教育是当务之急。

[Objective] To investigate and present the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome （HIV/AIDS） knowledge,attitudes,behavior and health education requirement of the girls in one of poor counties of Anhui province. [Method] 1 492 female students from 4 middle schools and 2 high schools in Yuexi county through a cluster sampling were as sessed by anonymous questionnaires in November 2006. [Results] The girls in poor areas had known little of the basic knowledge about HIV/AIDS（7.64-73.26%）. AIDS awareness in the HIV non-infected way, junior school and high school students all got low rates of correct. For the understanding of the infective way of HIV, the girls in junior middle school and high middle school had a little higher rate of correct than the understanding of non-infected way. And girls in high middle school had better awareness than the girls in junior middle school（P〈0.05）. 84. 5% of schools had not yet launched the HIV/AIDS health education. 86.93 % of them believed that it was necessary to carry out AIDS health educa tion in schools. Most them wanted to obtain HIV/AIDS knowledge by the way of television （57. 10%） and books and newspapers （16.76%）. Most of them were willing to allow doctors （65. 95%） and teachers （17. 09%） sharing their knowledge on HIV/AIDS, meantime girls hoped to receive HIV/AIDS health education in a lower grade. [Conclusions] Girls in poor areas with low AIDS awareness, health education system has not yet been carried out. AIDS groups to strengthen the health education is top priority.