南宁市0～5岁儿童睡眠状况流行病学调查

Epidemiological study on sleep status of children aged 0～5 years in Nanning

【目的】了解南宁市儿童睡眠习惯、睡眠时间及睡眠障碍的现状。【方法】采用分层随机抽样法抽取南宁市1274名0～5岁儿童作为研究对象,采用统一问卷对受试儿童家长进行现场调查,双录入所有调查数据,应用SPSS11.5统计软件包进行统计学分析。【结果】南宁市0～5岁儿童睡眠昼夜节律的发展变化趋势与国外基本相似,但相比尼氏儿科学中儿童睡眠需求标准,2岁以下儿童平均每天少睡1h;睡眠障碍总患病率为25.08%,其中入睡困难、夜醒、打鼾发生率较高;睡眠习惯主要存在的问题有:61.54%的儿童与家人或保姆同床睡眠;61.77%睡前需要安慰物;10.83%夜间习惯俯卧位睡姿。【结论】学龄前期是睡眠发展及睡眠习惯形成的关键时期,有必要及早为家长提供切实可行的睡眠卫生指导,以预防儿童睡眠障碍的发生,保证儿童良好的睡眠质量。

[Objective] To confirm the normal requirement of sleep time for Chinese children of different ages in city. [Methods] 1274 children aged 0-5 years were selected by stratified sampling from Nanning city. The parents were surveyed with questionnaire by front to front. All data were recorded by double entry via EpiData and analyzed with SPSSll. 5 statistical software. [Results] The developmental tendency of infants＇ circadian sleep-wake rhythm was simi lar to that reported by other studies on the whole. Compared with the corresponding data in Nelson pediatrics, the overall sleep time was about 1 hour less than that of Nelson during the first 2 years. Prevalence of sleep disorders was 25.08%. There were relative high rates of difficulty falling asleep, night waking and snoring. The main existing problems in sleep habits were as follows： of the sample, 61. 54% cosleeped with their parents or mammy, 61. 77% needed inappropriate sleep-onset assistance,and 10.83% were used to take the prone sleep position. [Conclusions] Preschool age is a key period in children sleep development. Many problems can be contributed to early inappropriate sleep habits. So it is necessary to provide some practical guidance for parents as possible as early, in order to prevent the sleeping problem and assure that children have good sleep quality.