云南中低品位硅钙质磷块岩工艺矿物学研究

Process mineralogy of mid-low grade silicate-calcareous phosphate rocks in Yunnan Province

中低品位磷块岩的开发是我国磷资源产业可持续发展的保障,工艺矿物学研究则是矿产资源合理利用的基础.本课题采用光学显微分析、X射线衍射、红外光谱、扫描电镜以及能谱分析等手段对云南中低品位硅钙质磷块岩的工艺性质进行了研究.结果表明,硅钙质磷块岩的主要矿物成分是胶磷矿、白云石、石英、铝硅酸盐矿物以及褐铁矿,均以细粒嵌布为主.胶磷矿由亚微米级碳氟磷灰石组成,并伴生少量硅、铝、镁、铁等杂质.通过粉磨,0.1 mm以下的矿石颗粒中胶磷矿解离性良好,在细粒级粉体中白云石产生了富集、而胶磷矿趋向贫化.

Utilization of mid-low grade phosphate rocks guarantees the sustainable development of the industry related phosphoric resource. Research on process mineralogy is the bedrock of effective utilization of mineral resource. Optical microscope, X-ray diffraction, infra-red spectrum, scaning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectrometer were used to research the process properties of middle-low grade silicate-calcareous phosphate rocks in Yunnan. The results show that the main minerals of the phosphat rocks are collophane, dolomite, quartze, aluminum-silicate minerals and of all minerals are usually fine-sand sized. The component of collo.phane is limonite. The grains submicron sized carbonated fuorapatite with a few of impurities, such as silicon, aluminum, magnesium and iron. The liberation of collophane is well when the grain size less than 0. 01 mm. Dolomite enriched, but collophane lessened at fine ore powders by grinding.