煤工尘肺死亡原因及影响因素分析

Analysis on death causes and influential factors in coal workers with pneumoconiosis

目的探讨煤工尘肺患者死亡规律及主要死亡原因,为进一步开展煤矿尘肺的三级预防提供理论依据。方法通过回顾性流行病学方法,对825例已经死亡的煤工尘肺患者进行死因分析。结果死亡原因构成居前4位的是肺心病、恶性肿瘤、肺结核、尘肺;随着煤工尘肺期别的增高,煤工尘肺病死率、结核死亡专率、恶性肿瘤死亡专率有增高趋势;不同工种、不同矿区的煤工尘肺病死率差异有统计学意义。结论影响尘肺患者身体健康的主要原因是各种并发症,导致煤工尘肺患者死亡的主要原因是尘肺并发症;不同矿区由于煤质、煤田地质构造等不同,其煤工尘肺病死率亦不同。

Objective To discuss death cause of coal worker pneumoconiosis （CWP）, so as to provide evidence for tertiary prevention of CWP. Methods The retrospective epidemiologic method was used to analyze the death causes of 825 CWP. Results The composition of the first four death causes was pulmonary heart disease, malignant tumor, pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumoconiosis in turn;with the increase of period stage of CWP, there was increasing tendency in case fatality of CWP, death rate caused by tuberculosis and malignant tumor. There were significant differences in case fatality among different types of work and mining areas. Conclusion The major cause influencing patients＇ health with CPW were the occurrence of various complication, the major death cause of patients with CPW was the complication. The case fatality among different mine areas were different because of the difference of coal and geologic structure.