盈江县鼠疫主要宿主黄胸鼠体表蚤类的研究

Study on parasitical fleas of Rattus flavipectus in Yingjiang county,Yunnan

目的掌握盈江县鼠疫主要宿主黄胸鼠体表蚤类种群分布及季节消长规律。方法整理和分析鼠疫监测资料和疫情资料。结果该地黄胸鼠体表寄生蚤主要为印鼠客蚤和缓慢细蚤,年均染蚤率、总蚤指数和印鼠客蚤指数分别为15.66%、0.91、0.65,总体水平呈下降趋势;鼠体月均染蚤率与总蚤指数季节消长趋势基本一致,夏季明显高于其他季节,分别为26.12%和1.47。印鼠客蚤指数最高为6月份(1.37),该蚤构成比呈单峰,于5-10月维持在相当高的水平。结论根据寄生蚤类种群分布和季节消长规律,加强夏季的灭蚤工作,降低蚤指数,减少鼠疫暴发。

Objective To know the population distribution of parasitical fleas on Rattus flavipectus and their seasonal variation in Yingjiang county. Methods Collect and analyze the surveillance data and the data of epidemic situation. Results Xenopsylla cheopis and Leptopsylla segnis were major parasitical fleas of R. aqavipectus. The annual infection rate, total fleas index and X. cheopis index were 15.66%, 0.91 and 0.65 respectively, which decreased significantly as a whole. The seasonal variation tendency of average monthly infection rate and total fleas index was similar, which value were 26.12% and 1.47 respectively, highest in June. There were only one peak in the seasonal variation curve of X. cheopis, and it maintained a high level from May to October, especially in June （1.37 of fleas index）. Conclusion To decrease the fleas index and the plague outbreak must strengthen the elimination of fleas in summer according to the population distribution of parastitical fleas and its seasonal variation.