不同产地白术根茎解剖比较

Anatomical comparison for rhizomes of Atractylodes macrocephala with different origins

为鉴定白术Atractylodes macrocephala道地性药材,采用滑走切片法制作永久制片,在显微水平上比较了不同产地白术的解剖特征。试验表明,木质部宽、树皮宽、木皮比(木质部与韧皮部宽度比)、导管密度、油室直径和油室密度等参数在不同产地间均存在着极显著的差异(P<0.01),反映了不同产地的白术根茎在解剖构造上的不一致性;但差异的表现却不尽相同,错综复杂,引起差异的遗传和环境上的因素在解剖构造上是一个综合表现。油室面积比例可作为衡量有效成分的一个较好的指标。

Atractylodes macrocephala （Compositne）, for its rhizomes used medicinally, are cultivated widely in over 20 provinces in China, especially in Zhejiang. But the qualities are in difference and hard to distinguish. To identify eomponents in original herbs of A. macrocephala, permanent slides of these materials were made with the pushing-slice method, and structural characteristics of rhizomes from twenty origins （Ningguo City of Anhui, Mount Xitianmu, Waijiusi, Dingcun, Wushan, Pan＇an of Zhejiang, and Anfu County of Jiangxi, etc. ） were compared using by microscopic examination with thirty replication for one index. Results indicated significant differences （P 〈 0. 01 ） among origins of A. maerocephala for xylem width, bark width, ratio of xylem to bark, density of vessel lines, diameter, and density of oil cavities. This showed that there were structural differences among A. macrocephala with different origins. However, diversity caused by genetie and environmental factors was difficult to explain. Nevertheless, the proportion of area for the oil cavities was a good index for measuring the content of the effective components. [ Ch, 7 tab. 16 ref. ]