黄河中游粗泥沙来源探析

Sources of coarse sediment in middle reach of the Yellow River

在钱宁等［１］关于黄河中游粗泥沙来源宏观分析的基础上，本文进一步考虑了区域地貌特征及近年来人类活动因素的影响，对黄河中游粗沙来源区进行了更为详细的分区对比研究，并结合典型流域产沙及河道淤积历史剖面分析，全面探讨了入黄泥沙来源这一问题。本项工作是在前人工作的基础上取得的一个进展。分析表明，７０年代以来由于水土保持工作的大规模开展，黄河中游的粗泥沙明显减少，但黄河中游地区仍是黄河主要的粗泥沙来源区，其中又以窟野河、皇甫川和无定河流域粗泥沙产量最大，占黄河中上游流域粗沙产量的８５％以上。这三个流域应作为黄河中游水土保持的重点地区，并应相应提高该区域水保措施的防洪标准。

Combined with the factors of regional geomorphological features and human activities,the sources of coarse sediment in the middle reach of the Yellow River is discussed in this paper by use of the measured sediment data since 1960s. It shows that the yield of coarse sediment in the middle reach of the Yellow River are decreased since 1970s with the development of water soil conservation on a large scale. The middle reach of the Yellow River is still the main sources of coarse sediment,and most of the coarse sediment (more than 85%) are from the tributaries of Kuye,Huangfu and Wuding rivers. It is very important to concentrate our efforts in water soil conservation works in these three catchments. In analyses of the typical reaches,the effects of the factors of geomorphological features and human activities on the sediment are also discussed.