试论张岱《陶庵梦忆》的文化情韵与蕴涵

A Discussion on the Cultural Flavor and Meaning of Memory in Tao Cottage

《陶庵梦忆》是明末清初时代风雨飘摇的产物,是张岱半世生涯的真实写照,亦是张岱人生里程中血与泪的凝结。在《陶庵梦忆》中,记录着张岱前半生浪漫生活的种种得意,既让我们看到了明末丰厚的民俗文化积淀,又让我们体味到了世俗中的种种物质给人们带来的愉悦。它所包含的丰富而深湛的文化信息,如对园林艺术的独到见解,对奇花异卉的生动描述,对江南风情的如实记录,对戏曲理论和实践的精妙评论等等,无不充满着乐趣和知识。这是一部用艺术家的审美眼光来描绘的明末市井风俗史,又是一曲抒张性灵、情感率真直露的咏叹调,渗透着晚明文人特有的生活情调与精神风貌。

The book Memory in Tao Cottage was written during the transition period between the Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. It was a reflection of half a century life of the author Zhang Dai, who devoted so much of his life into the writing of this book. In the book, he described the happy days in the early part of his life with a romantic flavor. He also painted a vivid picture of the folk culture in that age. The book delivers interesting and rich information on all faucets of the daily life in the end of the Ming dynasty. It includes unique viewpoints of Chinese garden art, vivid descriptions of exotic plants, realistic portraits of Southern China, and subtle comments on theatrical theories and practices. The book records a history of folk-custom culture in the end of Ming, from the perspective of an artist. It also reveals the spirits of scholars in that age from the way the book was written.