小学五年级儿童执行功能特点研究

A Research on the Characteristics of Executive Function of Primary School 5th Graders

本研究旨在通过对小学五年级儿童的执行功能进行测试和训练,探究小学五年级学生注意转换能力、记忆刷新能力和抑制优势反应能力三种执行功能的特点。研究表明小学五年级儿童执行功能中的这三种能力是相互独立的,且具有不平衡性和可发展性特点。结果表明,小学五年级学生的注意转换能力明显低于大学生,同时也比成人平均水平低;记忆刷新能力优于成人平均水平;而抑制优势反应能力已基本达到成人平均水平。

With the test and training in executive function, the research explored the characteristics of primary school 5th graders updating, inhibiting and shifting. We found their updating, inhibiting and shifting abilities were independent, developable and instable. The results showed that their shifting ability was significantly lower than that of undergraduate students as well as adults. Their updating ability was significantly better than that of adults, and their inhibiting ability was almost at the level of adults.