芝麻种质资源因子分析及聚类分析

Factor and cluster analysis of sesame(Sesamum indicum) germplasm resources

调查186份国内外芝麻资源的21个表型性状,对8个主要农艺性状进行相关分析和因子分析;并对所有性状进行聚类分析,186份材料可划分为7个类群。结果表明:选取单株蒴数多、千粒重高、花期适中的大蒴材料作亲本能显著提高单株产量;不同地区间品种农艺性状整体变异差别较小,区域内变异较大且侧重的性状不同;聚类结果显示,芝麻品种的遗传差异与地理远缘无明显相关性,说明培育高产优质品种时,亲本选配要以亲缘关系为主要参考依据;同时推测国内芝麻的引种传播是由南向北进行的。

Twenty one traits of 186 sesame germplasm resources from China and abroad were investigated, eight main agronomic characters of which were analysed by using factor analysis method. Cluster analysis was carried on all the traits. The result indicated that 186 cultivars can be divided into 7 groups. The result indicated that Chinese sesame could be originated in southern region and with subsequent northward spreading to other places in China. The most important factors for seed yield were capsules per plant, 1 000-seed weight, flower period and capsule length; and they showed significant positive correlation with yield. These characteristics have greater variation within the region than among the regions. The grouping of genotypes in clusters was not related to their geographic origin, which suggested that the parental genetic distance should be taken into account for super-high-yield breeding .