准分子激光治疗对近视患者阅读能力的影响

Influence of excimer laser on the reading performance of patients with myopia

目的评价准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(laser in situ keratomileusis,LASIK)和准分子激光角膜上皮下磨镶术(laser subepithelial keratomileusis,LASEK)对近视患者阅读能力的影响。方法将40例患者(80眼)分成两组:LASIK组(23例)和LASEK组(17例),分别于手术前和术后第1个月测量单眼的最佳矫正远、近视力及在不同对比敏感度的阅读材料下的阅读速度。对所有数据进行配对资料Studentt检验。结果手术前后所有参数在两组间没有统计学差异。术前汉字阅读视力表7号字的平均阅读速度为(232.70±48.49)字/min(LASIK组)和(230.26±45.85)字/min(LASEK组),术后为(261.32±58.28)字/min(LASIK组)和(261.83±59.71)字/min(LASEK组),两组术后均有显著性提高(t=-4.075,P=0.000;t=-3.533,P=0.004)。术前普通报纸的平均阅读速度为(260.97±38.69)字/min(LASIK组)和(268.23±28.97)字/min(LASEK组),术后为(238.52±58.40)字/min(LASIK组)和(249.75±41.56)字/min(LASEK组),LASIK组术后阅读速度有降低(t=2.417,P=0.023);而LASEK组术前术后阅读速度差异无显著性(t=1.692,P=0.116)。结论中、低度近视患者在这两种屈光手术后能够在光线充分的环境下保留正常的阅读能力。

Objective To evaluate the influence of laser in situ keratomileusis （LASIK） and laser subepithelial keratomileusis （LASEK） on reading performance. Methods Eighty eyes of 40 myopic. patients were studied. Best corrected distance vision, reading aeuity, and reading speed were tested monocularly before LASIK or LASEK and one month after surgery. A Chinese reading chart and a newspaper were used to determine reading speeds and the results were analyzed with a paired-sample Student t test. Results No statistically significant differences were found between the 2 surgical groups either preoperatively or one month postoperatively for any tested parameter. The mean reading speed for the Chinese reading chart was （232.70±48.49）words per minute for LASIK patients and was （230.26±45.85）words per minute for LASEK patients before surgery. There was a significant difference in postoperative performamance with results of （261.32±58.28）words per minute for LASIK patients （t=-4.075,P=0.000） and （261.83±9.71）words per minute for LASEK patients （t=-3.533,P=0.01M）. The mean reading speed for the newspaper was （260.97±38.69）words per minute for LASIK patients and （268.23±28.97）words per minute for LASEK patients before surgery. There was no significant difference postoperatively between the two groups. But there was a slight decrease in readings speed for both groups. Postoperative reading speeds were （238.52±58.40）words per minute for LASIK patients （t=2.417,P=0.023） and （249.75±41.56）words per minute for LASEK patients （t=1.692,P= 0,116）. Conclusion Moderate and low myopic patients can expect to retain their normal reading performance under full light conditions after refractive surgery with either of these two procedures.