慢性高眼压大鼠视神经中小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的激活研究

Activation of microglial/macrophages in the optic nerve of the rat with chronic elevated intraocular pressure

目的探讨慢性高眼压大鼠视神经中小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的激活分布情况。方法结扎两条巩膜上静脉建立慢性高眼压大鼠模型,应用OX-42单克隆抗体行免疫组化检测视神经中小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的激活分布情况。结果对照眼视神经中小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞呈圆状、柱状,无明显树突样突起;慢性高眼压眼视神经中小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞呈阿米巴状、柱状,有树突样突起,细胞数量增加,术后第1周,视神经中小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞数量为49.61±8.04/3个400倍视野。此后视神经中小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞数量逐渐减少。术后第1周至第8周视神经中小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的数量与同期对照眼相比差异有显著性(P<0.05)。术后第12周,视神经中小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的数量与同期对照眼相比差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论慢性高眼压可致视神经中小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞激活,细胞数量增加,但随时间延长逐渐降低。

Objective To investigate the activation of microglial/ macrophages in the optic nerve of a rat model with chronic elevated 10P. Methods An SD rat model with chronic elevated lOP was established by ligating two episcleral veins. The activation and distribution of microglial/macrophages were observed by immunohistochemical technique with OX-42 monoclonal antibody. Results Microglial/maerophages in the optic nerve of the control eyes were circular and cylindrical in shape, with no obvious processes. Microglial/maerophages in the experimental eyes were amoeboid and cylindrical in shape, with obvious processes. The number of microglial/maerophages in the optic nerve increased in the experimental eye. The number of microglial/macrophages in the optic nerve was 49.61±8.04/three 400xvisual field at 1 week postoperatively. With a prolongation of the experimental period, the number of microglial/macrophages in the optic nerve decreased gradually. A significant difference was found in the number of microglial/ macrophages when the experimental eye and the control eye were compared at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively （P〈0.05）, but no significant difference was found at 12 weeks postoperatively（P〉0.05）. Conclusion Microglial/macrophages are activated in the optic nerve of a rat model with chronic elevated IOP. The number of microglial/macrophages increases shortly after surgery and then gradually decreases.