台湾的大陆当代文学史述评

Review of Contemporary Mainland Chinese Literature in Taiwan

1949年后,两岸的文学发展都或深或浅地受制于政治局势和意识形态,在政治敌对的敏感年代里,关于对岸文学的研究,同属两岸学界的禁区,唯有背景特殊的学者能有机会接触限阅资料,并在政治思想"正确"之前提下,展开相关论题的研究。1980年代以来,大陆进入新时期,台湾政治解严,大陆对台湾文学的研究得以快速发展,但是台湾对大陆文学的研究,却因政治局势和社会环境的局限,在1990年代中的高峰后未能继续开展,以致多见对于个别作家作品的"点"的研究,较少以历史脉络贯穿文学演变、思潮流派等的"线"和"面"的文学史论述。因此,应当在现有之研究基础上,进一步归纳整理台湾的大陆当代文学史研究,并透过台湾的论述视角,凸显当代文学史议题,并勾勒台湾的大陆文学研究历程。1960年代以来的台湾关于大陆当代文学史的研究走向为:1960-1970年代,以反共思想教育为前提,高举三民主义、复兴中华文化的旗帜,着重中共文艺政策和文艺整风的研究;1980年代,延续由政治观点研究大陆文化和意识形态,将中共文艺视为中共研究的一隅,除了文艺政策和文艺整风的主流研究之外,开始出现对伤痕文学和地下刊物的探讨;1990年代,解严后的研究成果逐渐浮现,研究视角由政治转向文学,并在文学研究者的参与之下,形成研究高峰;2000年以来,由于"本土化"、"去中国化"的效应以及两岸关系的低潮,由于缺乏官方的支持鼓励,研究者纷纷转向其他领域,也少见研究新人加入,以致研究热潮退去。但在2002年以后的学位论文中,开始出现关于两岸文学关系、文学交流、比较文学等的研究,透露出新的研究趋势。

This paper generalizes and reorganizes the study of Contemporary Mainland Chinese Literature in Taiwan. It expects to highlight contemporary literature through the arguments in Taiwan and describes the study progress of Chinese literature in Taiwan. The research scope refers to Taiwan Residents scholars＂ research findings in Taiwan with the published books and the support of doctor＇s and master＇s thesis. We also follow the researchers＂ related publication to explore the review of Contemporary Mainland Chinese Literature in Taiwan after 1949. It includes the elaboration of the historical background such as art policy and art revolution, the analysis on literature development such as literature trends and literature movement and the review on the literary activities such as publication. After exploring the research materials since the 60s, we can significantly find the research directions of Contemporary Mainland Chinese Literature in Taiwan in the past 40 years： from the 60s to the 70s, we targeted on the study of Chinese art policy and art revolution ; in the 80s, we started to probe into scare literature and alternative publication ; in the 90s, there were the research findings after the end of Martial Law declaration and the focus turned from politics into literature which was the peak of the research ; since 2000, due to awkward cross-strait relation and the lack of the support from the government, the study gradually declined ; however, after 2002, the research of cross - strait literature exchange began which revealed new research trend.