百棉1号纤维初期发育规律及元素含量研究

Study on Development Regulation of Cotton Fiber and Its Different Element Content of Baimian 1 at the Primary Stage of Cotton Fiber

利用扫描电镜（SEM）与x射线能谱仪（EDS）对河南省审定品种春棉百棉1号初期纤维发育进行观察和元素组分能谱分析,研究棉花纤维初期发育及其所含矿质元素与纤维发育的关系。结果表明：在棉纤维细胞启始阶段（-2-0 d）胚珠表皮细胞迅速分化并在胚珠表面形成球形突起,而且含有较多的P和Mg元素;伸长阶段胚珠表皮细胞发育成纤维并快速伸长,在此阶段纤维细胞含有较多的K和Ca元素,根据棉纤维初期发育与矿质元素的关系在棉花苗期和初花期增施P肥、K肥和Ca肥有利于棉花的优质高产。

The primary fiber development of Baimian 1（a spring cotton variety） was observed by scanning electron microscope（SEM） and its different elements were analyzed by x-ray energy spectrum instrument（EDS） to study the relationship between fiber development and primary development situation,and its mineral element content.The results show that the epidermis cells of ovule rapid differentiates,forms ball gibbous and have more P and Mg element at the fiber initiation stage（-2～0 d）;the epidermis cells of ovule develop into fiber and rapid elongates,and have more K and Ca element at the elongation stage.Applying P,K and Ca fertilizer is beneficial to improving cotton yield and quality at the seeding and primary flower stages.