华北落叶松和兴安杨人工林林下植被多样性的研究

Diversity of Understory Vegetation of Larix principis-rupprechtii Mayr and Populus hsinganica C.Wang et Tung Plantations

采用典型样地调查的方法,对锡林郭勒盟多伦县蔡木山乡一家河牧场境内,具有26年林龄的华北落叶松和兴安杨两种不同人工林林下植被物种多样性进行了研究,初步结论如下:(1)Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数的变化趋势基木一致,即草地>林缘>林中心(除D样地),但Simpson优势度指数与其他各指数变化趋势正好相反,林中心>林缘>草地(除D样地)。(2)营造人工林也不一定会造成物种多样性的显著减少,营造人工林对物种多样性的影响与所造的树种有关。(3)从植物科、属、种β多样性指数的测度结果看,其变化规律基本是一致的,人工林中心的草本物种变化比林缘的变化大。

The decline of diversity of understory vegetation of plantation is an important question. A typical investigation method is adopted to measure the species diversity of two kinds of different plantations, which have grown for 26 years in Yijiahe Pasture, Duolun, Xilinguole League, Inner Mongolia. The results show： （1）The change tendencies of Shannon -Wiener index, Margalef index and Pielou index are basically consistent, that is rangeland 〉 edge of forest 〉 center of forest （except D）. But the change tendency of Simpson index is exactly opposite to other indexes, that is center of forest 〉 edge of forest 〉 rangeland （ except D）. （2） To plant plantation is unable to cause the remarkable decline of diversity. The influence on diversity caused by plantation is related to the tree species. to the 13 diversity index of plant family, genus and species, the change rules are basically consistent. herbaceous species in the center of plantation is bigger than it at the edge of plantation. （3） According The change of herbaceous species in the center of plantation is bigger than it at the edge of plantation.