有机蒙脱石的制备及性能表征

Preparation and Property Characterization of the Organic Montmorillonite

测定了无机蒙脱石（MMT）的阳离子交换容量（CEC为1.049 mmol/g）,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作插层剂,分别考察了悬浊液的酸碱度、插层剂用量、插层次数及搅拌方式对MMT的层间距d001的影响,用X-射线衍射对插层结果进行表征.结果表明,当插层剂的摩尔数与无机MMT的CEC之比为1∶1、插层温度70-80℃时,用稀的NaOH溶液调节MMT悬浊液的pH值为12,先在水相用四甲基铵进行插层,抽滤、充分洗涤,然后将滤饼分散在体积分数为70%乙醇溶液中,再用自制的酯基季铵盐进行二次插层,用均质器高速搅拌,搅拌速度约5 000 r/min,每次插层时间为1 h.在该条件下制备的有机MMT的d001达3.5 nm左右,且无机MMT的一级衍射峰完全消失.

The Cation Exchange Capacity （CEC） of the inorganic montmorillonite （MMT） is measured （ CEC = 1. 049 mmol/g）. The conditions of affacting organic MMT（OMMT） layer space （d001 ） are discussed while applying cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB）intercalated, including pH of the soliquoid, the molar ratio （quaternary ammonium salt：CEC ）, intercalated times and agitating manners etc, the products are characterized by X-Ray Diffraction （XRD）. The results show that inorganic MMT are intercalated in water applying tetramethyl-ammonium, filtering, washing thoroughly. It is also found that the products are intercalated twice in 70% ethanol solution by self-made ester bond quaternary ammonium salt when both applying homogenizer agitating one hour and the rate of agitation being about 5 000 r/min. The d001 of the organic MMT goes up to 3.5 nm. rand the first diffration peak of inorganic MMT is lost completely.