潜流人工湿地低温下黄河原水预处理效果研究

Pretreatment EFFects of Yellow River raw water by subsurface constructed wetland in low temperature

在低温条件下（水温0．3—15．9℃），采用水平潜流人工湿地在玉清湖水库进水口处对入库黄河水进行预处理试验研究，考察了低温下黄河原水预处理效果，比较了不同水力负荷条件下，湿地系统对污染物的去除效率及其变化趋势，同时考察了进水污染物含量的影响。结果表明：在运行期间，潜流人工湿地有较好的处理效果，COD、TP、TN、NH4^＋-N的平均去除率均分别达到43．13％、40．86％、42．56％、43．26％。根据GB3838-2002《地表水环境质量标准》，出水中COD达到Ⅰ类，TP平均值达到Ⅱ类，TN平均值达到Ⅴ类；NH4^＋-N平均值达到Ⅱ类。处理效果与温度正相关，在现有的水力负荷变化范围内（0．6—1．2m·d^-1），系统处理效果无明显差别。同时发现，由于本实验的进水负荷低，系统去除功能未能得到充分利用，今后的研究可以适当提高负荷，充分利用系统的净化能力。

Under the condition of low water temperature, ranging from 0.3 ℃ to15.9 ℃, the horizontal flow constructed wetland was adopted to pre-treat the Yellow River water at the entrance of Yuqing Lake reservoir. The pretreatment effects of constructed wetland were investigated, The contamination removal rate and their trends in the wetland treatment system, which were studied under different hydraulic loading rates（HLR）. Meanwhile, the influence of influent contamination amount were investigated. The results showed： During the operational period, horizontal flow constructed wetland had better treatment effects. The average removal rate of COD, TP, TN and NH4^＋-N were 43.13%, 40.86%, 42.56% and 43.26%, respectively. According to the China standard for surface water resources （GB3838-2002）, the average effluent of COD, TP, TN and NH4^＋-N were Grade Ⅰ, Grade Ⅱ, Grade Ⅴ and Grade Ⅱ, respectively. Temperature has a positive correlation with treatment effect. The current hydraulic loading rates ranging from 0.6 to 1.2 m·d^-1, there were no remarkable differences in treatment effect. Because load is low and the removal function of system can＇t be fully used, so the future experiment can improve load and fully used the treatment effect of system.