福建沿海水稻Cd、Pb、Hg等重金属含量变化规律

Varialtioal characteristics of Cd、Pb、Hg content of rice in coastal region of Fujian province

文章研究了福建沿海重金属高含量的水稻样品的区域分布规律,分析了不同品种的水稻对重金属吸收的差异。以该区10个流域两侧的水稻种植区为研究对象,系统采集了福建沿海水稻样品185件,采用干灰石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光谱法,分析了籽粒中的Cd、Hg、Pb、As、Cu、Zn等重金属元素的含量,结果表明其平均值分别为0.005、0.08、0.33、0.17、2.94和14.62mg·kg-1,显著高于台湾地区稻米的平均含量。对比大米国家食品限制值,有16.8%的样品的Pb超标;有11.4%的样品Cd超标。Hg、As的超标率相对较低,均只为0.5%。Cd、Pb含量高的样品主要集中分布在漳州、福州、福清等工业发达的城市周边地区。不同的水稻品种对重金属的吸收率完全不同,昌优964对Cd、Cu、Zn和Pb表现出高的吸收率,而糯米、803A1527等则表现出对Cd、As、Pb等低的吸收率。

The region distrabution of rice sample with high heavy metal content in Coastal Region of Fujian Province was study, and the difference for rice breed absorbing heavy metal was analyzed in this paper. Along 10 rice planting areas in Fuji an Littoral area, 185 Paddy samples were collected. By analysed the heavy metal content of this samples, it was showed thant the average values of Cd, Hg, Pb, As, Cu and Zn were 0.005, 0.08, 0.33, 0.17, 2.94 and 4.62 mg·kg^-1 respectively and markedly higher than the average values office Tawan area. There were 16.8% and 11.4% samples respectively with Pb and Cd content exceeding the national limited value of brown rice, but only 0.5% samples with Hg and As content exceeding the national limited value of brown rice. The rice samples with high Pb, Cd-contianing were distrbuted around developed city as Zhangzhou, Fuzhou, Fuqing city and so on. Different Breed of paddy have different absorptivity to heavy metal, as Changyou 964 has good absorptivity to Cd and Pb, but sticky rice and 803A1527 has low absorptivity to Cd, As and Pb. These finds would provide academic base for the evalution of rice safty and the selecting of low heavy metal sorbing breed.