不同精粗比日粮对奶牛机体氧化应激和瘤胃内环境稳定性的影响

Effects of Forage to Concentrate Ratio on Homeostasis of Rumen and Oxidative Stress in Cows

为了探讨不同精料浓度对奶牛机体氧化应激和瘤胃内环境稳定性的影响,选用5头临床健康体重为(502±20)kg的荷斯坦奶牛,饲喂9种不同精料水平日粮(精粗比分别为30∶70、35∶65、40∶60、45∶55、50∶50、55∶45、60∶40、70∶30、100∶0)对奶牛瘤胃内pH、抗氧化指标以及血清中抗氧化指标变化的影响。连续进行9期饲喂试验,前8期每期30 d,全精料组试验期为3 d。结果表明,全精料日粮条件下奶牛瘤胃内pH显著低于其他精料浓度组(P<0.05),精料浓度为55%日粮条件下,瘤胃内SOD的活力极显著高于其他精料浓度日粮(P<0.05),MDA及OH.含量显著低于其他精料浓度日粮(P<0.05),GSH-Px活力极显著低于其他精料浓度日粮(P<0.05),T-AOC的活力显著高于精粗比为30∶70、35∶65、40∶60、45∶555、0∶50、100∶0的日粮组,和其他组差异不显著(P>0.05);精料浓度为55%日粮条件下,血清内SOD、T-AOC的活力显著高于其他精料浓度组(P<0.01),GSH-Px活力显著低于其他精料浓度组(P<0.01),MDA含量与精粗比为50∶506、0∶40的日粮组差异不显著(P>0.05),而显著低于其他日粮组(P<0.05),OH.含量与精粗比为60∶40的日粮组差异不显著(P>0.05),而显著低于其他日粮组(P<0.05)。说明不同精料浓度的日粮对瘤胃内环境稳定性和机体氧化应激有明显的影响。

To explore effects of forage on oxidative stress and homeostasis of rumen, pH and antioxidative indexes of rumen, anti-oxidative indexes of serum were studied. Five Holstein cows during the dry period were used with 30 days in the first 8 periods, the last period was 3 days. Forage to concentrate ratio were 30 ： 70,35 ： 65,40 ： 60,45 ： 55,50 ： 50,55： 45,60 ： 40,70 ： 30,100 ： 0, respectively. The result indicated that rumen pH was the lowest in 100 ：0 （P〈 0. 05）. The activities of SOD in the rumen was the highest in 55： 45 （P〈0. 05） ; The contents of MDA and OH^· in the rumen was the lowest in 55 ： 45 （P〈0.05） ; The activities of GSH-Px in the rumen was the lowest in 55 ： 45 （P〈0. 05） ＇ The activities of T-AOC in 55 ： 45 was higher than that in 30 ： 70 , 35 ： 65,40 ： 60,45 ： 55,50 ： 50,100： 0 remarkably in the rumen （P~ 0. 05）. The activities of SOD,T-AOC in the serum was the highest in 55 ： 45（P〈0.01） ; The activities of GSH-Px in the serum was the lowest in 55 ： 45 （P〈0.01） ; Compared with 50 ： 50 and 60 ：40,the contents of MDA in the serum in 55： 45 had no significant difference（P〉0. 05）, but was lower than that in other concentrate ratio （P〈0.05）; Compared with 60 ： 40, the contents of OH^· in 55 ： 45 was not significantly different in the serum（P〉0.05）, but was lower than that in other concentrate ratio （P〈0. 05）. The results indicated that forage to concentrate ratio significantly influenced the homeostasis of rumen and oxidative stress of body.