抑郁症患者的自杀态度、抑郁水平和应对方式的相关性

Relationship between Suicide Attitude,Levels of Depression and Coping Style in patients with Depression

目的探讨抑郁症患者自杀态度、抑郁水平和应对方式的关系，为抑郁症患者的健康教育提供依据。方法采用自杀态度问卷（QSA）、汉密顿抑郁量表（HAMD）和简易应对方式问卷（SCSQ）对114名抑郁症住院患者进行调查。结果（1）本研究对象中，不同性别、不同年龄、不同病程、不同受教育程度抑郁症患者的自杀态度、抑郁水平、应对方式间的差异无统计学意义（t=0.77～1、46，P〉0．05）；（2）抑郁症患者自杀态度的F1、F2、F4等维度均分小于2、5分，而F3维度均分在2．5～3．5分之间；（3）抑郁症患者的积极应对得分明显低于全国常模（t=12．85，P〈0．01），而消极应对得分明显高于全国常模（t=4．82，P〈0．01）。（4）抑郁症患者自杀态度、抑郁水平和应对方式有不同程度、性质各异的相关性（r=0．56，-0．65；P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。结论鼓励患者多采用积极的应付方式，降低抑郁情绪，预防自杀行为发生。

Objective To explore the relationship between suicide attitude, levels of depression and coping style of patients with depression, so as to provide a ground for psychological health education against depression. Methods The total of 114 patients with depression were investigated with Suicide Attitude Questionnaire（QSA）, Hamilton Depression Scale（HAMD） and Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ）. Results （1） There were no significant differences in suicide attitude, levels of depression and coping style in patients with different sexes, ages, disease course, and academic backgrounds （t=0.77-1.46, P〉0.05）. （2） The scores of.F1, F2 and F4 dimensions were lower than 2.5, and scores of F3 dimension ranged from 2.5-3.5. （3） The patients had lower scores in Positive Coping （ t =- 12.85, P〈0.01） and higher scores in Negative Coping than the national norms （ t =4.82, P〈0.01）. （4）There was significant correlation between suicide attitude, levels of depression and coping style to different extents and of different natures （ r=-0.56,-0.65, P〈0.01 or P〈0.05）. Conclusion The patients should be encouraged to take a more positive coping style to relieve depression and prevent suicidal behavior.