不同灌水方式对冬小麦耗水与产量的影响

Effects of Different Irrigation Systems on Grain Yield and Water Consumption of Winter Wheat

以冬小麦品种科师22为材料,在田间条件下研究了不同灌水处理对土壤水分变化规律和小麦产量的影响。试验结果表明:不同灌溉处理下,冬小麦的耗水量、耗水系数、产量不同。干旱处理的耗水系数最低。相同灌水次数下,随灌水总量增加,耗水系数、耗水量增大;相同灌水量条件下,少量多次灌溉方式的耗水量、耗水系数则降低。不同灌水处理间冬小麦的产量存在极显著差异,灌水各处理的产量均极显著高于旱处理(不灌水)的产量。冬小麦灌溉水利用效率随灌水量的加大而下降。相同灌水量下,分期灌溉有利于提高冬小麦产量和水分利用效率。

The effects of different irrigation systems on soil moisture and grain yield of the winter wheat cultivar ＂Keshi 22＂ were studied under field conditions. The results showed that water consumption, water consumption coefficient and grain yield of winter wheat varied with different irrigation treatments. The water consump- tion coefficient of dry treatment was the lowest among all the treatments. Water consumption and water consuption coefficient increased with the increase of irrigation amount when the times of irrigation were held constant. However, when irrigation conditions were held constant, more irrigations meant decreased water consumption and water consumption coefficient. The study also showed that the grain yields of all irrigation treatments were higher than those of the dry treatment. The irrigation efficiency of winter wheat decreased with the increase of irrigation amount. This indicates that when irrigation is constant, more irrigation would improve grain yield and irrigation efficiency of winter wheat.