重金属胁迫对高羊茅种子萌发的影响

Effects of Heavy Metal Stress on Seed Germination of Festuca arundinacea Schred

随着生态危机日益严重,土壤重金属污染面积不断扩大,并引起了人们的普遍关注。传统的修复方法因其价格昂贵不能普遍采用,植物修复是近年来兴起的一种利用植物积累、吸收、降解等去除土壤、水和沉积物中污染物的新方法。通过种子萌发实验,进行了草坪植物高羊茅(FestucaarundinaceaSchred)对重金属锌、铅、铜的抗性研究。结果表明:(1)重金属污染对高羊茅种子萌发产生显著影响,对其发芽率和活力指数的影响尤为明显;(2)三种重金属的复合污染对高羊茅种子萌发与单一金属污染略有不同,可能与三种金属离子之间的相互作用有关;(3)高浓度重金属离子对种子萌发起到抑制作用,相反低浓度则具有促进作用。通过研究,表明高羊茅具有对重金属较强的抗性,在重金属污染土壤的植物修复和尾矿废弃地的植被重建中可优先作为选择的材料。

Ecological crisis is increasingly serious and the pollution area of soil heavy metal pollutant expands continuously, these problems have been attracting considerable public attention over the last decades. Traditional methods were not adopted for its enormous costs. Phytoremediation is an emerging new technology that uses plant to degrade, assimilate, or detoxify in soils, water, and sediments. Under this situation, Festuca arundinacea Schred which had good economic value, strong drought and adaptation was studied. This experiment discussed the impact of the single and compound heavy metal contamination （zinc, lead and copper） with different contents on the seeds germination of the host plant by cultivated experiments in the concentrations of each heavy metal. The results showed： （1） heavy metal ions had an significant effect on the seeds germination, especially, the germination rate and vigorous index of the host plant; （2） compared with the single heavy metal, the compound heavy metal differently affected the seeds germination, it would be caused by the interactional relationship among the three heavy metal ions; （3） the seeds germination showed a greater tolerance on lower concentration of heavy metal ions, however, it had been indicated by the experiment that high concentration ions exhibited more inhibition the traits of seeds germination. In addition, the host plant appeared the stronger tolearance to the heavy metal, and it would be better materials to remedy soils polluted by the heavy metal and to reclaim tailing mine waste lands.