论野生动物资源的物权法调整

On the Adjustment of the Real Right of Wildlife

偏重于公法调整的《野生动物保护法》难以适应野生动物保护的新形势,但关于野生动物资源的保护是否应引入私法调整之机制,法学界素有争议。借鉴德国、俄罗斯二国皆运用民法强化对野生动物资源保护的做法,本文从公益与私益关系之协调、经济运行规律、权利自治等方面论述了我国野生动物物权法调整的必要性,从野生动物资源的特定性与直接支配性方面论述了我国野生动物物权法调整的可行性,建议未来民法典总则关于野生动物应作出一般性的规定,以增强相关权利人的生态保护义务。

Law on the protection of wildlife which is classified as public law doesn＇t fit to the new circumstances. In view of the dispute whether real right of wildlife resources should be adjusted in China, this paper inspects the civil law of Germany, Switerland, Russia and America,and draws a conclusion： these countries are strengthening the protection of wildlife resources by civil law. Accordingly, the necessity of agjustment of real right of the wildlife resources is demonstrated from aspects of the public and private welfare, rules of ecological operation,right autonomy,and the feasibility of direct control on wildlife resources. Finally, a suggestion is given that the ecological protection obligations of the wildlife-related individual should be emphasized in the General Principles of the following civil law.