论战争的历史社会学研究及其价值

On the Historical Sociology of War and Its Values

战争问题在社会学研究中一度被忽略,到20世纪80年代,战争的(历史)社会学兴起并涌现一批有影响力的作者和作品。马克思和韦伯是战争的历史社会学的主要思想源泉。其中,深受韦伯影响的学者侧重于与战争相关联的相关因素分析(具有关系主义的特点),特别是探讨战争、战备与社会环境、社会进程之间的相关关系,这拓展了战争研究的范围。战争的历史社会学分析也证伪了某些国际关系理论假设,并在理论和研究思路上为国际关系研究提供有益的参考与补充。

The study of war in sociology had been quite neglected before. However, in the 1980s Historical Sociology of War sprang up and a number of influential authors and works appeared. Karl Max and Max Weber were its main thought resources. In the studies of Historical Sociology of War, scholars deeply affected by Weber focus on analysis of war and its related elements （with the characteristics of relationism）, especially dealing with the related relations between war, war preparation, social environment and social process. These works have broadened the scope of the research on war. The analyses of Historical Sociology of War show that some theoretical IR propositions are questionable; and they have provided helpful reference and complement for IR studies.