早期胃癌淋巴结转移的危险因素及MDCT评估

Risk factors and multidetectorrow computed tomography evaluation of lymph node metastasis in early gastric carcinoma

目的:分析早期胃癌(early gastric carcinoma,EGC)淋巴结转移的危险因素并探讨多排CT(multidetector-row CT,MDCT)对淋巴结转移术前评估的价值.方法:术前行MDCT检查并行根治性胃切除术的EGC患者109例,男64例,女45例,平均年龄56岁,分析患者的临床病理因素与其淋巴结转移的关系,并将MDCT对淋巴结状况的评估结果与病理结果相对照.结果:EGC患者的淋巴结转移率为15.60%,其中黏膜下癌的淋巴结转移率明显高于黏膜内癌(25.00% vs 9.23%,P=0.026).EGC淋巴结转移与患者性别、年龄、肿瘤大小、大体类型、肿瘤位置和组织学类型均无关.受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)分析进一步显示EGC肿瘤大小对淋巴结转移判断的价值相对较小(曲线下面积为0.63).MDCT对早期胃癌N分期的判断准确率为82.6%,其中N0为85.9%,N1为64.3%,N2为66.7%.MDCT对EGC淋巴结转移判断的敏感度、特异度和准确率分别为70.6%、85.9%和83.5%.MDCT对单发淋巴结转移患者判断的敏感度为50.0%,对1枚以上淋巴结转移患者判断的敏感度为88.9%.MDCT未检出转移淋巴结的EGC患者5例的肿瘤均大于或等于2 cm,其中2例黏膜内癌均为凹陷型.结论:MDCT对EGC淋巴结转移术前评估有较大的临床应用价值,对EGC患者实施微创治疗时,应重视淋巴结转移相关临床病理因素的评估作用.

AIM： To identify the risk factors predicting lymph node metastasis in early gastric carcinoma （EGC） and of multidetector-row to investigate the value computed tomography （MDCT） in the preoperative assessment of lymph node metastasis. METHODS： Relationship between the clinicopathological parameters and lymph.node metastasis in 109 EGC patients （male 64, female 45, mean age 56） who underwent preoperativeMDCT examination and curative gastrectomy was retrospectively analyzed. In addition, the results of lymph node status evaluated by MDCT were compared with pathologic findings. RESULTS： The incidence rate of lymph node metastasis was 15.60% in EGC patients. The incidence of lymph node metastasis in submucosal carcinoma was significantly higher than that in mucosal carcinoma （25.00% vs 9.23%, P= 0.026）. However, the lymph node metastasis in EGC was not closely related to the gender, age of patients, tumor size, macroscopic type, tumor location, and histological type. Receiver operating characteristic （ROC） analysis further showed that the accuracy of tumor size for determination of lymph node metastasis in EGC was relatively low （area under ROC curve was 0.63）. The overall accuracy of MDCT in preoperative N staging of EGC was 82.6% （N1 85.9%, N1 64.3%, N2 66.7%, respectively）. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of MDCT for determining lymph node metastases of EGC were 70.6%, 85.9%, and 83.5%, respectively. The diagnostic sensitivity of MDCT for determining lymph node metastasis was 50.0% in patients with solitary lymph node metastasis, while 88.89% in those with more than one lymph node metastasis. In 5 EGC patients, the lymph node metastasis was not detected by MDCT. However, the tumor size of all these 5 patients was larger than or equal to 2 cm in diameter, and both of the two mucosal carcinomas belonged to depressed EGC. CONCLUSION： Although the clinical value of MDCT in the preoperative assessment of lymph node metastasis in patients with EGC is relatively high, we still must pay great attention to the value of lymph node metastasis-associated clinicopathological parameters in predicting lymph node status when the minimally invasive therapy is to be performed for patients with EGC.