游牧文化和农耕文化联手打造辉煌——秦统一论纲(三)

Refulgence made by combining nomadic culture with farming culture——Qin Dynasty unification(third)

秦统一结束了西周种姓贵族等级分封制,开辟了皇权至上的中央集权制封建帝国二千年统治历史。史家把这一变革从根本上归结为新兴地主阶级对奴隶主贵族统治的胜利。秦帝国承袭并发展了春秋以来中原列国的许多创造,但它也把北方的草原文化融进了缔造帝国、构建社会的制度、习俗和观念种种创新之中。因此,从某种意义或别一角度说,秦汉帝国乃是游牧文化和农耕文化联手打造的辉煌。用经济——文化类型学或民族学去透视这一历史变革及其前因后果,将可能拓宽我们的眼光,改变成见,作出许多新的有价值的结论。这里只想略陈陋见,就正方家,因此只粗列纲目,展示秦民族、秦帝国体现游牧文化精神的若干现象,并援引其他游牧民族相同或相近的习俗加以佐证,只求说明问题,点到为止。

Qin Dynasty unification ended the gradation enfeoffment of West Zhou Dynasty caste aristocrat and inaugurated two thousand years of dominion history of the centralist feudalist empire of imperial power paramountcy. Historians think that the transformation is the victory of the rising landlord class governing the servile host aristocrat. Qin empire inherited and developed many creations of the big countries in the central region from the spring and autumn period,but it blended the northern grassland culture in the institution,the customs and the concept innovation of creating empire and establishing society. Accordingly,in a certain sense,Qin and Han empires are the refulgence made by combining nomadic culture into aerial farming culture. Analysing this historic tranformation and the causes and effects with economic,and cultural typology or ethnology,we will widen our eye,change prejudice and draw the new and valuable conclusion. The paper tries to throw the brick to lead the jade, so only gives detailed outline. Through them we can find some nomadic culture of Qin naion and Qin empire. We cite other nomadic nations customs to prove the standpoint simply.