2006年国际戒烟竞赛参赛者心理干预效果研究

Research on psychological intervention among participants in the International Quit and Win Contest of 2006

目的探索基于健康信念模式的心理干预方法在控烟实践中的应用。方法在报名参加2006年青岛市国际戒烟竞赛的3200名参赛者当中随机抽取200名吸烟者,并在基线调查后随机分为干预组和对照组。对干预组采用健康信念模式的心理干预方法进行团体培训帮助戒烟,对照组采用空白对照,不介入任何干预。6个月后,对该心理干预方法进行效果评价。结果6个月后干预组的完全戒烟率达到32.5%,远高于对照组的9.6%,有显著性差异(P<0.01);在吸烟量变化方面,干预组有37.3%的人每日吸烟量减少,平均减少18.24±1.07支,对照组为32.9%,平均减少7.93±1.15支,有显著性差异(P<0.01);而且干预组的情感效能明显提高,认为自己肯定能戒烟的占49.4%,高于对照组(16.4%),有显著性差异(P<0.01);是否干预是影响吸烟量减少的主要原因(F=39.692,P<0.01),逻辑回归分析显示,是否接受干预是影响能否戒烟的主要因素(OR=4.126)。结论依据健康信念理论模式设计的心理干预方法能够有效地提高戒烟率。

Objective To explore the application of the HBM-based psychological intervention on tobacco control in communities, and to evaluate the effect. Methods 200 smokers were randomly selected from 3200 participants in the International Quit and Win Contest. They were randomly divided into intervention and control groups after baseline investigation. The intervention group attended a HBM-based psychological intervention team training program. The evaluation of the effect on tobacco control was carried out six months after the psychological intervention. Results After six months, smoking quitting rate in the psychological intervention group was 32.5 %, statistically significantly higher than that of the control group （9.6 % ）. 37.3 % smoker of the intervention group smoked less than before. The average reduction in the volume were 18.24 ± 1.07. While the control group was 32.9%, with an average decrease 7.93 ± 1.15. There was significant difference between two groups （P 〈 0.01 ）. The intervention group were satisfied with the psychological intervention training program. 49.4 % of them thought they could certainly quit smoking, which was higher than that of the control group, 16.4% （P〈0.01）. Smoking intervention was the main reason for smoking reduction （F= 39. 692, P〈 0.01 ）, and logistic regression analysis showed that psychological intervention played an important role in tobacco control （OR= 4.126）. Conclusion The psychological intervention on tobacco control based on HBM could significantly improve the quitting rate and could be accepted by smokers in the neighborhood.