传统中国法的道德原理及其价值

Morality in Chinese Traditional Law and Its Value

从道德是法律的基础这一法学原理出发,传统中国法的原理可称之为道德原理;对传统中国法的道德原理的内涵,即除三纲以外的仁、义、礼、智、信这五常的法律结构,可以从价值与理念、原则与规范、感觉与态度这三个层面进行解读;由此可见立足于道德原理的传统中国法,在对人与法和社会这三方面都有积极的意义,其宗旨是肯定、保护和追求有德的人、向善的法与和谐的社会;由于这些价值本身植根于善的道德,因此具有某种程度的普适性和持久性;而且与西方法的自由原理相比较,传统中国法的道德原理亦永有其价值,因为两者都是人类必需的。

Viewed from a legal principle that morality is the base of law,the principle of Chinese traditional law is evidently a moral one,a legal structure of benevolence,righteousness,propriety,wisdom and fidelity,together with the Three Cardinal Guides.This principle can be understood from such three levels as values and ideals,rules and norms,and perceptions and attitudes.Thus,it can be seen that Chinese traditional law is deeply rooted in morality and has positive effect on people,legality and society,with a purpose to commend,secure and admire virtuous people,perfect law and harmonious society.These values are universal and lasting as they are based on virtuous morality.The morality principle of Chinese traditional law has the same permanent value as the liberty principle of western law,for both are essential to the humanity.