淮河流域水环境保护政策评估

Evaluation on the policies for water environmental protection in Huai River Basin

搜集各部门已有数据对淮河流域水环境保护政策体系、管理行动、排放控制以及水质进行评估。结果表明,淮河流域水质没有明显改善和恶化的趋势,规划目标没有达到,污染物排放没有得到控制,工业和生活污染源是水质超标的首要原因,部门间水质和排放监测缺乏协调,数据质量低,水环境保护投入落后于社会经济发展。建议实施严格的排污许可证制度;尽快建立流域水环境保护信息共享平台;中央政府通过许可证、专项资金等形式承担更多的流域水环境保护责任;完善水环境保护规划体系,以较长的时间尺度,制定流域水环境保护的战略性基础规划。

most of information was collected,that related water pollution control to evaluate the policy results, including the contents of policy framework, activities, effluent control results, and the water quality status. There was no enough evidences to show that the water quality should be becoming better, and there was a big gap to the planning objectives. The pollutant effluent had not been under control, and industrial and living pollution was the most crucial factor that made the water quality bad. The independent sector monitoring system, lower data quality and insufficient investment had affected policy effects greatly. Suggestions were as following：making and implementing strict discharge permits system to large point pollution sources in Huai River Basin; establishing the platform to share the basin＇s water environmental information; the central government should take more responsibilities for the river basin^s water pollution control through permits system, special funds and so on; improving the water environmental planning system, and making the river basin＇s strategic planning with a long term view.