医护群体职业枯竭量表编制及信度效度分析

Development of occupation burnout inventory for medical staffs and analysis of reliability and validity

目的编制评价医护群体职业枯竭的多维测评量表。方法在查阅国内外大量文献资料量表等基础上，结合国外Maslach枯竭量表等同类量表，在访谈、专家咨询及广泛采纳医护人员意见的基础上，结合临床研究经验，筛选原始项目构成量表，从广西柳州、南宁、百色、贵港、桂林5城市的三级、二级、一级医院中随机抽取4575名医护人员作为施测样本，通过探索性因素分析确定量表结构，检验量表的信度、效度指标。结果医护群体职业枯竭量表包括情绪衰竭、去人性化、低成就感3个维度18个项目，项目得分与其所属因素的相关性系数为0．694～0．860（P〈0．01），该量表及各因子的Cronbaeh α系数为0．942～0．830，Cuttman Split-Half Coefficient分半系数为0．864～0．906（P〈0．01）。间隔1个月，2次测量量表相关系数为0．706（P〈0．01），各因子2次测量的Pearson相关系数为0．724，0．650，0．624（P〈0．01），采用朱伟等修订的Maslach枯竭量表通用版的中文版（MBI-GS）作为效标，与量表总分相关系数达0．709，各相应因子间的相关系数为0．867，0．673，-0．652（P〈0．01）。结论医护群体职业枯竭量表具有较好的信度和效度，可用于医护人员职业枯竭的测量。

Objective To develop a muhi-dimensional occupation burnout inventory of medical staffs. Methods It is on the base of huge domestic and overseas document, information and inventories, and combines similar scales such as Maslach Burnout Inventory. It also contains opinions of medical staff and consultation of ex- perts, considers clinical experience and screens structural inventor- of original project. 4575 medical members were chosen randomly from first, second and third class hospitals in 5 Guangxi cities of Liuzhou, Nanning, Baise, Guigang, Guilin as test samples. It was identified inventory structure by exploratory factor analysis, and reliability and validity were verified. Results Three factors constitudted occupation burnout inventory for medical staffs ,in- cluding emotional exhaustion,depersonalization, reduced personal accomplishment and 18 items. Correlation coefficient of item seorings and factors that item belongs to is 0. 694 - 0. 860 （ P〈 0.01 ） , Cronbach＇s α coefficient of the inventory and factors is 0.942 - 0. 830 and Cuttman Split-Half coefficient is 0.864 - 0. 906 （ P 〈 0.01 ）. When the interval is one month, correlation coefficient of two tests is 0. 706 （ P 〈 0.01 ）, Pearson correlation coefficients of factors of two test are 0. 724,0. 650,0. 624 （ P 〈 0.01 ）. When it compares with Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey in Chinese version,the correlation coefficient related to total scoring of inventory is 0. 709, the correlation coefficients of relative factors are 0. 867,0.673, - 0.652 （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion Occupation burnout inventory for medical staffs can be regarded as an ideal measure tool for medical staffs.