社交焦虑大学生对面容表情图片的注意偏向研究

Study of attentional bias in social anxious individuals

目的研究不同试验情景下不同社交焦虑水平的大学生对威胁性面容表情图片的注意偏向。方法根据在社交回避及苦恼量表上的得分从500名大一学生中筛选出23名高分组被试和24名低分组被试，并将被试随机分入威胁性（预先被告知要发表演讲）和非威胁性试验情景，完成点探测试验，记录注意偏向得分（ABS）。结果在威胁性试验情景下，社交焦虑高、低分组被试的ABS分别为（-2．63±1．83）ms、（0．42±1．36）ms，差异有显著性（t=4．641，P=0．000）；在非威胁性试验情景下，社交焦虑高、低分组被试的ABS分别为（-0．41±1．56）ms、（0．47±0．67）ms，差异无显著性（t=1．732，P=0．106）。社交焦虑个体在威胁性、非威胁性试验情景下的ABS分别为（-2．63±1．83）ms、（-0．41±1．56）ms，差异有显著性（t=3．122，P=0．005）；而低分组被试在威胁性、非威胁性试验情景下的ABS分别为（0．42±1．36）ms、（0．47±0．67）ms，差异无显著性（t=0．124，P=0．903）。社交焦虑和试验情景的交互作用对注意偏向得分的影响有统计学意义（F=6．881，P=0．012）；社交焦虑和试验情景的主效应因素均差异有显著性（F=20．429，P=0．000）、（F=6．413，P=0．015）。结论社交焦虑大学生回避威胁性面容表情图片，而且在威胁性试验情景下，这种回避倾向更为明显。

Objective To study the attentional bias to threatening faces images of high and low social anxiety subjects in the threatening and nonthreatening conditions. Methods 23 high social anxious subjects （HSAs） and 24 low social anxious subjects （LSAs） were chosen from 500 volunteers according to the score and divided randomly into two groups, one group was under the threatening condition （ expecting to give a short speech） and the other under the nonthreatening condition,and then a dot-probe task was performed and the attentional bias score （ABS） was recorded. Results Under the threatening condition,the ABS of HSAs and LSAs were （ -2.63 ± 1.83） ms and （0.42 ± 1.36） ms,the different was significant （ t = - 4. 641, P： 0. 000 ） ; under the non- threatening condition,the ABS of HSAs and LSAs were （ -0.41 ± 1.56）ms and （0.47 ±0.67 ）ms,the different was not significant （ t = - 1. 732, P= 0. 106）. The ABS of HSAs under the threatening and non- threatening condition were （ - 2.63 ± 1.83 ） ms and （ - 0.41 ± 1.56） ms, the different was significant （ t = - 3. 122, P= 0.005 ） ; the ABS of LSAs under the threatening and non- threatening condition were （ 0.42 ± 1.36） ms and （ 0.47± 0.67 ） ms, the different was not significant （ t = -0. 124, P = 0.903 ）. The effect of the interaction between social anxiety and the experiment condition on ABS was significant （ F= 6. 881, P= 0. 012）. The separately main effect of social anxiety and the experiment condition on ABS was significant （ F=20.429, P=0.000） and （ F=6.413, P=0.015） too. Conclusion Social anxious individuals attend to avoid the threatening faces images, especially under the threatening condition.