基于物理栖息地模拟的河道内生态流量研究

Study on instream ecological flow based on physical habitat simulation

结合物理栖息地模拟模型的水力学与栖息地模型,以黄河干流兰州-石嘴山河段为研究样区及该河段的关键鱼种黄河鲤鱼为对象物种,以流速及水深二水力学因子进行研究,推求该研究样区兰州、安宁渡、下河沿、青铜峡和石嘴山五断面对象物种的流量与权重可使用面积的关系。通过对上述各断面1975-1985年汛前共11年生态、水文及断面资料的分析计算,归纳出研究断面汛前适合的生态流量分别为195、220、220、220、175 m3/s,计算结果在Tennant法界定的生态流量范围之内。

This paper combines the hydraulic model and the physical habitat simulation model （PHABSIM） to calculate the instream ecological flow by using the Yellow River carp as target species in Lanzhou to Shizuishan reach of the Yellow River mainstream and taking water depth and velocity into consideration. By analyzing the ecological, hydrological and cross-sections data before the flood periods from 1975 - 1985, the ecological instream flows at Lanzhou, An＇ningdu, Xiaheyan, Qingtongxia and Shizuishan station calculated by PHABSIM before flood are 195 m3/s, 220 m3/s, 220 m3/s, 220 m3/s, 175 m3/s respectively. And the result is compared with the instream ecological flow calculated by the Tennant method. The results calculated by PHABSIM are within the scope of the those calculated by Tennant.