再评“科热伏尼科夫佯谬”

Evaluation of the "Kozhevnikovs paradox"

苏联科学史家科热伏尼科夫指出,苏联科学在20世纪20年代末至50年代初斯大林恐怖与专制统治时期,"科学并不糟糕"反而做出了最出色的成就。这一发现被称为"科热伏尼科夫佯谬",在科学史界得到承认并流传至今。但笔者认为,"科热伏尼科夫佯谬"中的某些论点应该重新认识:苏联科学发展的黄金时期并不是斯大林恐怖统治时期;20世纪30、40年代的科学成就的获得,也不仅仅是因为恐怖统治使科学家远离政治、专心学问。

Soviet historian of science —— Kozhevnikovs has brought forward Soviet science was not made worse instead of making the most outstanding achievements from the end of the 1920s to the early 1950s in the period of Stalin＇s terror and authoritarian rule. This discovery was called ＂Kozhevnikovs Paradox＂which has been recognized and preserved in the history of science field . However, the author thinks that ＂Kozhevnikovs Paradox＂ should be evaluated again： The golden period that Soviet science developed was really not in Stalin rule of terror period; The scientific achievements of the 1930s or 1940s was not only because of a reign of terror so that scientists were far away from politics and concentrated on learning.