希罗多德的教诲——《原史》笔记

On Herodotus’Teaching

政体分类理论是古典政治哲学的核心问题,但是对它的讨论并不限于政治哲学家,古代诗人和史家也都把它当作自己的问题。"历史之父"希罗多德的经典史撰第三卷第79-83节记述了一场著名的对话,其主题就是比较三种政体(君主政体、贵族政体、民主政体)的优劣。这段辩论被后世学界一直当作政体分类理论最早的"客观研究"。本文通过精读这段历史文本,指出希罗多德的研究也许并非客观,而且也不必客观,因为他拥有属于自己的政治意图和教诲。

Theory of regime lies at the core of conducted concerning the subject is by no means the can also be found in the works of ancient poets and historiae＂, has recoded a famous dialogue that took classical political philosophy. The discussion private enterprise of political philosophers. It historians. Herodotus, place in Persian court, regarded as the ＂pater debating the pros and cons of three arch - types of regime （monarchy, aristocracy and democracy）. This debate has thereafter been considered as the first ＂objective study＂ on the theory of regime. This paper aims, by way of close reading, to point out that Herodotus might have been far from ＂objective＂ in his study and perhaps he did not have to be objective in the first place, since what he was trying to convey is probably his own system of politics and morals.