牙槽骨压缩减骨技术整体后移犬上颌6颗前牙初探

Rapid Retraction of the Six Maxillary Anterior Teeth using Dentoalveolar Contraction Technique

目的探讨牙槽骨压缩减骨技术整体后移6颗上颌前牙的效果。方法选择成年Beagle犬1只,拔除两侧尖牙。整体铸造前牙带环,第二、三前磨牙带环单独铸造并用连接杆连接,前牙和两侧前磨牙铸造带环间焊接螺旋压缩器制成压缩装置。于上颌6颗前牙根尖区唇、腭侧行骨皮质切开,黏固压缩装置,以两侧第二、三前磨牙为支抗,调整螺旋压缩器以0.5mm/d的速率后移上颌前牙,共压缩10d,压缩前后取上颌牙模,拍摄牙片及头颅侧位片,摄面像及口内像。结果经过10d压缩,上前牙整体后移4.10mm,未见明显倾斜,牙周膜正常,根尖未见吸收;第二、三前磨牙近中移0.90mm;前牙反。结论以牙为支抗进行牙槽骨压缩减骨能够整体后移6颗上前牙,但支抗牙有向近中移动,要想减少支抗牙的移动,必须加强支抗。

Objective The purpose of this investigation is to demonstrate the application of dentoalveolar contraction technique in rapid retraction of the 6 maxillary anterior teeth. Methods An animal model was established using an adult dog. The bilateral canines were extracted followed by a dentoalveolar contraction surgical procedure, and a custom-made intraoral, rigid, tooth-home contraction device was placed. The six maxillary anterior teeth were moved at a rate of 0.5 mm perday in 10 days＇ contraction. Lateral cephalograms and models were taken before and after treatments. Results 4.1 mm retraction of the 6 maxillary anterior teeth was achieved in 10 days. The anchorage teeth were able to withstand the retraction forces with 0.9 mm anchorage loss. No root resorption and periodontal problems of the 6 maxillary anterior teeth were observed. The upper and lower anteriors changed to crossblte relation. Conclusion The dentoalveolar contraction technique is an innovative method that able to retracted 6 maxillary anterior teeth as a whole segment, but the anchorage should be enhanced.