黄鳍鲷精子主要生物学特性的研究

Studies on main biological characteristics of yellowfin bream(Sparus latus) sperm

选取健康的雄性黄鳍鲷Sparus latus亲鱼进行人工采精,设定不同的盐度梯度、pH梯度,观察其对精子活力的影响,测定了精子的密度、大小和精浆的渗透压,同时用透射电镜观察精子的超微结构。结果表明,在盐度20时,精子的激烈运动时间、快速运动时间和寿命最长,分别为70、90±1.3s和861±8.6s;在pH为8.0时,激烈运动、快速运动时间和寿命也最长,分别为90±3.7s、115±9.9s和500±11.6s。测得精子的平均密度为(8.0±0.6)×109个.ml-1,精子细胞核的长径为2.75±0.93μm,短径为2.25±0.68μm,鞭毛长为41.52±6.76μm,精浆的平均渗透压为342.6±12.35mmol.kg-1。超微结构显示,精子头部呈圆形或卵圆形,头部无顶体结构,植入窝位于细胞核底端的中间,中心粒复合体位于植入窝内,其中近端中心粒位于植入窝的上段,基体位于植入窝的下段。袖套位于核后端,两侧分布有线粒体和囊泡。尾部细长,其主要结构是轴丝,轴丝为典型的"9+2"微管结构。

Healthy male yellowfin bream （Sparus latus） were selected and their sperm were collected. The effects of salinity and pH on the motility of yellowfin bream spermatozoa were studied. The density, size and osmotic pressure of the sperm were also measured, and the ultrastructure of the spermatozoa was observed under transmission electron microscope. The results showed that the time of drastic movement, rapid movement and longevity of the sperm were the longest at salinity 20, which was 70s, 90±1.3s and 861±8.6s, respectively. At pH 8.0, the spermatozoa had the best motility, and the drastic movement time, rapid movement time and longevity of the spermatozoa were 90±3.7s, 115±9.9s and 500±11.6s, respectively. The average density of the spermatozoa was （8.0±0.6） ×10^9 ind · ml^-1 The long diameter of the karyon was 2.75±0.93μm and the short diameter was 2.25±0.68μm. The flagellum length was 41.52±6.76μm. The average osmotic pressure of the sperm plasm was 342.6±12.35mmol·kg^-1. Observation under transmission electron microscope showed that the spermatozoa consisted of two parts, the head and the tail. The spermic head shaped round or ellipse. There was no acrosome in the forefront of the spermic head. The implantation fossa was located in the middle bottom of the spermic head. The centriolar complex was inside the implantation fossa, the proximal centriole and basal body was located on the upside and underside of the implantation fossa, respectively. The sleeve was located on the back end of the nucleus. Some mhochondria and vesicles were located on the two sides of the sleeve cavity. The central structure of the tail was axoneme, with a typical structure of the 9＋2 model.