黄河源区退牧还草工程实施现状及绩效的调查研究

Investigation of present situation and achievements of grazing withdrawal project in source region of Yellow River

通过半结构式访谈、实地调查等方式对2004-2006年黄河源区果洛州退牧还草工程实施现状进行了分析。结果显示,该工程的实施有效地改善了果洛州草地生态环境状况,促进了当地经济产业结构的调整,但由于社会经济条件的限制,项目区没有形成具有市场规模的替代产业,牧民的生产、生活受到影响,同时也暴露出了一些政策上的不合理性。建议通过加强移民教育、发展特色替代产业、提高草地资源管理水平、完善补偿体系等方面对退牧还草政策加以改进,从而使退牧还草工程成为真正的长效工程。

By means of semi-structure interview and on-the-spot investigation, the present situation of grazing withdrawal and returning to grass project implementation were studied. The results show that the grassland ecological environmental condition in Guoluo autonomous prefecture has been improved effectively, and the adjustment of local ihdustrial structure promoted after the implementation of the project However,with the limitation of social economic conditions the project area has not formed the substituted industry in a certain market scale. On the other hand, the production and life of herdsmen were influenced and some unfairness of the policies exposed. It is suggested that through the measures of strengthening migrants education, improving the management of grassland resources,developing special instituted industry and perfecting the compensational system,so that to make the policy of grazing withdrawal project becoming an real persistent and effective project.