城市青年恐婚现象的社会学思考

Sociological Thinking on the Fear of Marriage among Urban Youth

传统社会中不会产生恐婚族,因为传统的"家本位"文化使个人的婚姻选择必须服从于家庭利益;传统婚姻受到各种亲缘与地缘关系的监督与限制;个人在婚姻面前没有选择压力,婚姻自主意识处于蒙昧状态,婚姻风险意识不强,个人将婚姻选择及其结果的好坏全部归结于命运和天意。内容丰富的传统型婚姻随着现代化进程的推进越来越"空壳化",其"家本位"特点和各种血缘地缘限制随之减弱或者消失,个体的婚姻自主意识张扬,婚姻风险意识增强。城市化的推进和流动性的增强,以及随之发生的社会价值观的变化极大地增加了婚姻风险,婚姻自由的获得要以失去某些婚姻方面的保障为代价,个人现在必须单独承担越来越大的婚姻风险,这是恐婚现象产生的深层动因。

＂ The traditional marriage with enriched content has been becoming empty＂ shell along with the modernization progress. The feature of familism and the limitation on consanguinity and geology of traditional marriage have abated or have vanished completely. Individuals＇ independent consciousness has been emphasized, while risk awareness of marriage has strengthened. The progress of urbanization and the increase of floating, together with the dramatic changes in social values, have boosted the risk of marriage. Some of the guarantees for marriage will be sacrificed to ensure the freedom of marriage, and the individual has to shoulder the increasing risk of marriage. All of these factors have contributed to the fear of marriage.